Although we recognize the importance of long-term effects of chronic use of an anti-inflammatory intervention, such as cryotherapy, the physiological changes induced by cryotherapy will not be discussed in this context. This review will investigate physiological changes as potential mechanisms induced by cryotherapy modalities of all kinds used for the purpose of reducing tissue temperature to facilitate acute (1 h–5 days) recovery from high-intensity exercise. Many reviews have concluded that the high heterogeneity in methodology regarding exercise insult, cold protocol and performance outcomes are responsible for the current lack of agreement in the literature. However, evidence regarding the efficacy of CWI, and cryotherapy in general, to speed recovery remains equivocal. Several studies have investigated and reviewed the effects of CWI for reducing soreness and speeding the recovery of force-generating capacity by skeletal muscles following stressful bouts of exercise. Of the many forms of cryotherapy used to this end, CWI is the most popular in the literature and in practice. This is largely owing to a lack of understanding regarding the mechanisms through which cryotherapy affects recovery from high intensity exercise. Although these types of treatments are commonly and ubiquitously used to speed recovery from stressful bouts of exercise, no standard guidelines have been established, and a target temperature for optimal therapeutic effects has yet to be identified. This review will discuss the acute physiological changes induced by various cryotherapy modalities that may affect recovery in the hours to days (<5 days) that follow high-intensity exercise.Ĭryotherapy includes whole body cryotherapy (dry air of −80☌ to −110☌ for 1–3 min), cold-water immersion (CWI), ice or cold gel pack application, ice massage or any other local or general application of cold for therapeutic purposes. When possible, studies investigating the functional recovery effects of cold therapy for recovery from exercise should concomitantly measure intramuscular temperature and relevant temperature-dependent physiological changes induced by this type of recovery strategy. A major hindrance to defining guidelines for best practice for the use of the various forms of cryotherapy is an incongruity between mechanistic studies investigating these physiological changes induced by cold and applied studies investigating the functional effects of cold for recovery from high-intensity exercise. Systemically, cold therapy causes core temperature reduction and cardiovascular and endocrine changes. The fundamental change induced by cold therapy is a reduction in tissue temperature, which subsequently exerts local effects on blood flow, cell swelling and metabolism and neural conductance velocity. Cryotherapy in its various forms has been used in this capacity for a number of years however, the mechanisms underlying its recovery effects post-exercise remain elusive. Cold-water immersion and other forms of cryotherapy are commonly used following a high-intensity bout of exercise to speed recovery. So, give Flow Free: Bridges a try, and experience "mind like water"! *** Flow Free: Bridges features *** * Content - Over 2,500 levels available in Free Play mode, and new Daily Puzzles every day! - 10 different board sizes - Starter, Challenge, Bonus, Classic, Mania, and Jumbo level packs - Bridges! * Challenge - Game Center achievements as you solve levels and complete packs - Track your completion of each level in Free Play mode - Strive for accuracy in Free Play using the fewest, most efficient moves - Strive for speed in Time Trial for the most and fastest solves - 20 scored Time Trial variants to choose from by board size and duration * Look & Feel - Smooth, polished touch interaction - Colorful UI - Fun sound effects - Clean vector graphics and animations - Labels available for color impaired players Enjoy.High-intensity exercise is associated with mechanical and/or metabolic stresses that lead to reduced performance capacity of skeletal muscle, soreness and inflammation. Gameplay ranges from simple and relaxed, to challenging and frenetic, and everywhere in between. Use the new Bridges to cross two pipes and solve each puzzle! Free play through hundreds of levels, or race against the clock in Time Trial mode. Pair all colors and cover the entire board. From the makers of the hit app Flow Free®, comes a fun and challenging new twist: Bridges! If you like Flow Free, you'll love Flow Free: Bridges®! Connect matching colors with pipe to create a Flow®.
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